The Governance
In Kautilya Arthashastra
Types of Administration
v Personal administration.
v Revenue administration.
v Local or provincial Administration
Qualities of The Ruler
v Should Be A Native of The Territory
v Follow the Teachings of The Shastra
v Strong and Of Noble Birth Etc
v
Trained
in Philosophy, Economics and Political Science
( Dandaniti)
v
Kautilya
Doesn’t Mean That the King Should Lead the Life of A Saint Or An Ascetic.
Duties of the king
v Rakshana/ palana : protection of the subjects and
their property
v Ensure their yogaksema : a broad idea implying welfare,
well-being, prosperity and happiness.
v Take active part in war and the
administration of justice.
v Dharmaniyama: lay down broad lines of policy and
codes of regulation
Protection of social order founded on varnas / preservation
of the Vedic order
So, protection has three components: from natural calamities,
Anti-social elements and varna system
Nature of state
v Mid way between a welfare and an
authoritarian state
v Neither a police state nor a text
gathering state
v Danda : (army ) is symbol of ruler’s
authority and is necessary of prevent anarchy and protect the weak against the
strong
v Use Danda: with restraint
v
The threat of revolt by the subject expected to
serve as a check on the wanton use of coercive power
Revenue Administration
u Kosa is one of the 7 prakritas .
u Three principal means of likelihood
u Agriculture
u Cattle tending
u Trade
u Samahartrs were revenue officers
u Total control by the state of the
economy activities of the state to earn maximum possible Revenue
u Trade routes should be under strict
control of the state Guidelines on prices
u Administration
Personal Administration
u Personal Who Man the Organisation Are
as Important as The Organisation Itself, Recruitment.
u Prescribes Qualifications for Each
Post
u All Important Appointments Made by
The King S
u Test Such As Dharmopadha,
Arthopadha Bhayopadha And Kamopadha.
u Training
u Extended Discussion on The Training of
The Price but Little on The Training Of The Personnel
u Pay: Prescribes the Salaries
u Salaries Given on A Fairly Liberal
Scale to Prevent Discontent and Ensure Efficiency
u Talked About Pension as Well
u Promotion
u No Definite Rules
u Who Increases Revenue May Be Promoted?
u Transfer to Prevent Misappropriation
u Tenure and Removal
u On the Will of The King
Administrative Principles
- Unity
of command
- Public
Accountability
- Rules
of business
- Coordination
- Job
classification
- Hierarchy
- Planning
and Budgeting
8.Decentralisation
Conclusion
q Arthashastra Shifted attention from
political philosophy to political
q sciences Plato and Aristotle give
political philosophy
q Kautilya had a very practical a very
practical approach in the sense he wanted to give guideline to show how a state
ought to be ruled
q Speaks in terms of a highly
materialistic world keeping the moral values aside.
